PREPARATION OF CHEMICAL SOLUTION FOR ACID-BASE TITRATION

For example you are required to prepare
              1. A solution of 0.1M NaOH
              2. A solution of 0.1M HCl

STARTING WITH 0.1M NaOH (Base)
You can prepare a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as follows;
        First you need to calculate mass in term of concentration of sodium hydroxide that              will be required o measure.
This mass can be calculated by using the formula of molarity
     Molarity (M)=concentration (Conc.)/Molar mass(Mr)
        Conc= Molarity x molar mass
         
Where;
         Molarity (M)= 0.1M that is your required to prepare
         Molar mass(Mr)= 40g/mol
         Concentration (Conc) = ?

        Conc = 0.1M x 40g/mol
                  =  4g/dm3
There fore;
                    Conc of NaOH is 4g/dm3 this is the mass you will be required to measure but it will depend on number of your students.
  For example if you have 20 students and you expect each student to use 200cm3. Then to know volume that you will prepare take;
      20students x 200cm3 = 4000cm3
         4000cm3=4litre
Then you will calculate mass to be measured for 20 students as follows;
                    1000cm3 = 4g/mol
                    4000cm3 = ?
     ? = (4000cm3 x 4g/dm3) / 1000cm3
       = 16g/dm3

There fore;
    For your 20 students will required to measure 16g of sodium hydroxide and then you will dissolve it in 4L of distilled water.
   
FOR ACID (HYDROCHLORIC ACID)
      For a given acid (hydrochloric acid) first you need to know the following;
               1. Percentage of HCl (written on the container of HCl)
               2. Densidy of HCl (written on the container of HCl)
               3. Relative atomic mass of HCl
 Then from the container for hydrochloric acid
            Percentage of hydrochloric acid=36.6%
           Density of hydrochloric acid = 1.18g/L
          Relative atomic mass of hydrochloric acid= 36.5

then calculate concentrated molarity (Mc) of hydrochloric acid by using the following formular
               Mc =(density x percentage x1000) / (Relay atomic mass x100)
                     = 1.18g/L x 36.5 x 1000) / (36.5 x 100)
               Mc  = 11.8M
 
      Then calculate a concentrated volume that you will be required to extract from container of hydrochloric acid
 this volume can be calculated by using dilution formula

MdVd=McVc

Vc = (MdVd)/Mc
Where;
      Mc is concentrated molarity you calculated it already= 11.8M
      Md is molarity you required to prepare=0.1M
      Vd is dilluted volume it depend on a number of your students
            For example if you have 20 students you may prepare 4000 cm3
       Vc is concentrated volume you calculate

Now;
           Vc= (0.1M x 4000cm3) / 11.8M
           Vc= 33.9cm3

          this is volume will be required to measure from container of concentrated hydrochloric acid then you will dilute it to 4L.

For there already you will be prepare solutions for acid-basetitration.