FACTORS AFFECTING RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTION

FACTORS AFFECTING RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTION

Rate of chemical reaction can be affected by the following factors

1. Temperature
2. Concentration 
3. Catalyst
4. Surface area
5. Pressure

1. TEMPERATURE

Temperature is directly proportional to the rate of chemical reaction, temperature increases the kinetic energy of collide particles hence effective collision of colliding particles. The effective collisions increase rate of rate of chemical reaction. There fore lower the temperature decrease rate of chemical reaction

   NB:
          For exothermic reaction temperature is inversely proportion to the rate of chemical reaction.

2. CONCENTRATION
      When concentration of reactants increases the rate of chemical reaction also increases. High concentration increases the chance for particles to collide and increases the chance for reaction to occur. There for concentration is direct proportional to the rate of chemical reaction, and visevecer is true.

                                           

3. CATALYST
       Catalyst is any substance that can alter rate of chemical reaction but it's self remain unchanged at the end of chemical reactio. Catalyst has the funtion of lowering the activation energy of reacting particles, there fore lowering activation energy increases the rate of chemical reaction.

                                         

4. SURFACE AREA.
     As surface area to volume ratio increase the rate of chemical reaction also increase. If reacting particles are solid the only molecules which are in contact they will conduct reaction, but the rest they will not participate in reaction.
     For powdered reacting substance the surface area to volume ratio is large and all particles will participate in chemical reaction hence rate of chemical reaction will be increased.
 
                                     

  5. PRESSURE.
         High pressure make the reacting particles to come closer and increase the chance to collide, due to this reason as temperature increase also rate of chemical reaction increase, and lower pressure also rate of reaction also lowered.